# reth stage run Run a single stage. ```bash $ reth stage run --help Usage: reth stage run [OPTIONS] --from --to Options: --instance Add a new instance of a node. Configures the ports of the node to avoid conflicts with the defaults. This is useful for running multiple nodes on the same machine. Max number of instances is 200. It is chosen in a way so that it's not possible to have port numbers that conflict with each other. Changes to the following port numbers: - `DISCOVERY_PORT`: default + `instance` - 1 - `AUTH_PORT`: default + `instance` * 100 - 100 - `HTTP_RPC_PORT`: default - `instance` + 1 - `WS_RPC_PORT`: default + `instance` * 2 - 2 [default: 1] -h, --help Print help (see a summary with '-h') Datadir: --datadir The path to the data dir for all reth files and subdirectories. Defaults to the OS-specific data directory: - Linux: `$XDG_DATA_HOME/reth/` or `$HOME/.local/share/reth/` - Windows: `{FOLDERID_RoamingAppData}/reth/` - macOS: `$HOME/Library/Application Support/reth/` [default: default] --datadir.static_files The absolute path to store static files in. --config The path to the configuration file to use --chain The chain this node is running. Possible values are either a built-in chain or the path to a chain specification file. Built-in chains: mainnet, sepolia, holesky, dev [default: mainnet] Database: --db.log-level Database logging level. Levels higher than "notice" require a debug build Possible values: - fatal: Enables logging for critical conditions, i.e. assertion failures - error: Enables logging for error conditions - warn: Enables logging for warning conditions - notice: Enables logging for normal but significant condition - verbose: Enables logging for verbose informational - debug: Enables logging for debug-level messages - trace: Enables logging for trace debug-level messages - extra: Enables logging for extra debug-level messages --db.exclusive Open environment in exclusive/monopolistic mode. Makes it possible to open a database on an NFS volume [possible values: true, false] --metrics Enable Prometheus metrics. The metrics will be served at the given interface and port. --from The height to start at -t, --to The end of the stage --batch-size Batch size for stage execution and unwind -s, --skip-unwind Normally, running the stage requires unwinding for stages that already have been run, in order to not rewrite to the same database slots. You can optionally skip the unwinding phase if you're syncing a block range that has not been synced before. -c, --commit Commits the changes in the database. WARNING: potentially destructive. Useful when you want to run diagnostics on the database. --checkpoints Save stage checkpoints The name of the stage to run Possible values: - headers: The headers stage within the pipeline - bodies: The bodies stage within the pipeline - senders: The senders stage within the pipeline - execution: The execution stage within the pipeline - account-hashing: The account hashing stage within the pipeline - storage-hashing: The storage hashing stage within the pipeline - hashing: The account and storage hashing stages within the pipeline - merkle: The merkle stage within the pipeline - tx-lookup: The transaction lookup stage within the pipeline - account-history: The account history stage within the pipeline - storage-history: The storage history stage within the pipeline Networking: -d, --disable-discovery Disable the discovery service --disable-dns-discovery Disable the DNS discovery --disable-discv4-discovery Disable Discv4 discovery --enable-discv5-discovery Enable Discv5 discovery --discovery.addr The UDP address to use for devp2p peer discovery version 4 [default: 0.0.0.0] --discovery.port The UDP port to use for devp2p peer discovery version 4 [default: 30303] --discovery.v5.addr The UDP IPv4 address to use for devp2p peer discovery version 5. Overwritten by `RLPx` address, if it's also IPv4 --discovery.v5.addr.ipv6 The UDP IPv6 address to use for devp2p peer discovery version 5. Overwritten by `RLPx` address, if it's also IPv6 --discovery.v5.port The UDP IPv4 port to use for devp2p peer discovery version 5. Not used unless `--addr` is IPv4, or `--discovery.v5.addr` is set [default: 9000] --discovery.v5.port.ipv6 The UDP IPv6 port to use for devp2p peer discovery version 5. Not used unless `--addr` is IPv6, or `--discovery.addr.ipv6` is set [default: 9000] --discovery.v5.lookup-interval The interval in seconds at which to carry out periodic lookup queries, for the whole run of the program [default: 60] --discovery.v5.bootstrap.lookup-interval The interval in seconds at which to carry out boost lookup queries, for a fixed number of times, at bootstrap [default: 5] --discovery.v5.bootstrap.lookup-countdown The number of times to carry out boost lookup queries at bootstrap [default: 100] --trusted-peers Comma separated enode URLs of trusted peers for P2P connections. --trusted-peers enode://abcd@192.168.0.1:30303 --trusted-only Connect to or accept from trusted peers only --bootnodes Comma separated enode URLs for P2P discovery bootstrap. Will fall back to a network-specific default if not specified. --dns-retries Amount of DNS resolution requests retries to perform when peering [default: 0] --peers-file The path to the known peers file. Connected peers are dumped to this file on nodes shutdown, and read on startup. Cannot be used with `--no-persist-peers`. --identity Custom node identity [default: reth/-/] --p2p-secret-key Secret key to use for this node. This will also deterministically set the peer ID. If not specified, it will be set in the data dir for the chain being used. --no-persist-peers Do not persist peers. --nat NAT resolution method (any|none|upnp|publicip|extip:\) [default: any] --addr Network listening address [default: 0.0.0.0] --port Network listening port [default: 30303] --max-outbound-peers Maximum number of outbound requests. default: 100 --max-inbound-peers Maximum number of inbound requests. default: 30 --pooled-tx-response-soft-limit Experimental, for usage in research. Sets the max accumulated byte size of transactions to pack in one response. Spec'd at 2MiB. [default: 2097152] --pooled-tx-pack-soft-limit Experimental, for usage in research. Sets the max accumulated byte size of transactions to request in one request. Since `RLPx` protocol version 68, the byte size of a transaction is shared as metadata in a transaction announcement (see `RLPx` specs). This allows a node to request a specific size response. By default, nodes request only 128 KiB worth of transactions, but should a peer request more, up to 2 MiB, a node will answer with more than 128 KiB. Default is 128 KiB. [default: 131072] Logging: --log.stdout.format The format to use for logs written to stdout [default: terminal] Possible values: - json: Represents JSON formatting for logs. This format outputs log records as JSON objects, making it suitable for structured logging - log-fmt: Represents logfmt (key=value) formatting for logs. This format is concise and human-readable, typically used in command-line applications - terminal: Represents terminal-friendly formatting for logs --log.stdout.filter The filter to use for logs written to stdout [default: ] --log.file.format The format to use for logs written to the log file [default: terminal] Possible values: - json: Represents JSON formatting for logs. This format outputs log records as JSON objects, making it suitable for structured logging - log-fmt: Represents logfmt (key=value) formatting for logs. This format is concise and human-readable, typically used in command-line applications - terminal: Represents terminal-friendly formatting for logs --log.file.filter The filter to use for logs written to the log file [default: debug] --log.file.directory The path to put log files in [default: /logs] --log.file.max-size The maximum size (in MB) of one log file [default: 200] --log.file.max-files The maximum amount of log files that will be stored. If set to 0, background file logging is disabled [default: 5] --log.journald Write logs to journald --log.journald.filter The filter to use for logs written to journald [default: error] --color Sets whether or not the formatter emits ANSI terminal escape codes for colors and other text formatting [default: always] Possible values: - always: Colors on - auto: Colors on - never: Colors off Display: -v, --verbosity... Set the minimum log level. -v Errors -vv Warnings -vvv Info -vvvv Debug -vvvvv Traces (warning: very verbose!) -q, --quiet Silence all log output ```