{"authors":[{"id":"3bc09f5a-4846-4902-8be1-1428c90e42be","name":"Majd Alsadi","role":[]},{"id":"fd1ab1d4-a83b-4bd4-8522-fd909f994615","name":"Mai Moath","role":[]},{"id":"bf2f53ec-a49e-4d92-ac8c-f562cdbc700a","name":"Abdulrahman Yousaf Shaheen","orcid":"0009-0009-6500-0742","role":["Writing - review & editing","Project administration","Formal analysis"],"nodesUserId":52587},{"id":"35b10382-8c28-41c3-9843-0223769efea1","name":"lamia shaheen","orcid":"0009-0000-0159-9711","role":["Writing - original draft","Visualization","Supervision","Validation"],"nodesUserId":52526}],"components":[{"id":"root","name":"root","payload":{"cid":"bafybeihmol6y57yzkxghc53lscratvb7lcx7rpef7saqdvsvhm3xuhmlry","path":"root"},"type":{".pdf":"pdf"}},{"id":"42fc1fb4-8348-4252-8712-7df37c82b1ba","name":"MEDICINEINSPACEANDEXTREMEENVIRONMENTS1.pdf","type":"pdf","payload":{"cid":"bafybeia3t3wby42fkagwqp4jgfuy6vrvfgrstbdygi3zpnmojurx43h5sm","path":"root/MEDICINEINSPACEANDEXTREMEENVIRONMENTS1.pdf","title":"Manuscript","doi":["10.52202/083074-0109"]},"starred":true,"subtype":"manuscript"}],"defaultLicense":"CC BY","researchFields":["Challenges and Opportunities in Translational Research"],"title":"MEDICINE IN SPACE AND EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS","version":"desci-nodes-0.2.0","references":[{"id":"10.3357/amhp.9412pp.2023","type":"doi","url":"10.3357/amhp.9412pp.2023","authors":[],"title":"Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance (AMHP)","journal":"Aerospace Medical Association","volume":"","pages":"","issue":"","year":""},{"id":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40779-024-00587-8","type":"doi","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40779-024-00587-8","authors":[{"name":"R Chen"}],"title":"Advancing Space Medicine: A Global Perspective on","journal":"Orbit Medical Experiments. Military Medical Research","volume":"11","pages":"","issue":"1","year":"2024"},{"id":"10.48550/arxiv.2406.09902","type":"doi","url":"10.48550/arxiv.2406.09902","authors":[{"name":"F Rossi"}],"title":"Flight-Scope: Microscopy with Microfluidics in Microgravity","journal":"arXiv preprint","volume":"","pages":"","issue":"","year":"2024"},{"id":"10.1007/978-3-030-96921-9","type":"doi","url":"10.1007/978-3-030-96921-9","authors":[{"name":"Springer"}],"title":"Engineering and Medicine in Extreme Environments","journal":"","volume":"","pages":"","issue":"","year":"2023"}],"description":"Space medicine and medicine in extreme environments represent essential disciplines for \nensuring human survival and performance under conditions that surpass normal biological limits. \nMicrogravity, cosmic radiation, prolonged isolation, and limited resources contribute to complex \nphysiological and psychological changes, including muscle atrophy, bone demineralization, \nimmune system dysfunction, and vision impairments. Similarly, extreme environments on \nEarth—such as polar regions, deep oceans, and remote deserts—share operational challenges \nsuch as limited medical evacuation, delayed support, and restricted supplies, making them \nvaluable analogs for testing and adapting medical solutions for space. \nThe challenges intensify with long-duration human space exploration beyond low Earth orbit. \nMissions to the Moon and Mars demand advanced levels of medical autonomy due to \ncommunication delays, limited resupply opportunities, and the necessity to minimize mass, \nvolume, and energy consumption. Additional concerns include pharmaceutical stability, \nsterilization, and infection control within closed habitats. Consequently, self-sufficient medical \ncapabilities—preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic—become fundamental for mission success. \nThis paper aims to: (1) examine the key medical challenges in space and extreme environments, \n(2) analyze the innovative solutions that have been developed—such as portable diagnostic \ntechnologies, telemedicine, AI-driven clinical decision support, robotic surgery, and \nbioprinting—and (3) highlight lessons learned from terrestrial analogs to establish a practical \nframework for sustainable medical capabilities that will support long-term human exploration.","keywords":["space","extreme environment","computer science","environmental science","geology","bacteria","paleontology","operating system"]}